centos7 安装 Mysql 5.7.28，详细完整教程

学海无涯 2022-09-14 Hoeking 手机阅读

centos7 安装 Mysql 5.7.28，详细完整教程

一、背景

书接上回, 昨天恢复xampp中的 Mysql 不成功, 彻底放弃xampp了; 今天重新安装 Mysql ；我现在用的是一个 Centos7 的虚拟机, 懒得安装Centos8 了; 就这样先折腾吧.

二、清理-卸载原来mysql

​ 先卸载掉原来的xampp， 进入到 /opt/lampp ， 执行下面命令进行卸载

./uninstall

​ 卸载之前关闭所有mysql服务

systemctl stop mysqld

​ 查看进程,还存在的话，直接kill掉：

ps -ef | grep mysql

​ 1.首先查看已安装的mysql

[root@wpvreader-res ~]# rpm -qa | grep -i mysql
perl-DBD-MySQL-4.023-5.el7.x86_64
qt-mysql-4.8.5-13.el7.x86_64
akonadi-mysql-1.9.2-4.el7.x86_64

​ 2.逐个卸载掉

rpm -e perl-DBD-MySQL-4.023-5.el7.x86_64
rpm -e qt-mysql-4.8.5-13.el7.x86_64
rpm -e akonadi-mysql-1.9.2-4.el7.x86_64

​ 3. 卸载其他相关文件

​ 查找出来后使用rm -rf命令逐个删除

    [root@wpvreader-res ~]# find / -name mysql
    /etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules/100/mysql
    /usr/lib64/perl5/vendor_perl/auto/DBD/mysql
    /usr/lib64/perl5/vendor_perl/DBD/mysql
    /usr/lib64/mysql
    /usr/share/mysql
    /opt/lampp/mysql
    /opt/lampp/bin/mysql
    /opt/lampp/share/mysql
    /opt/lampp/lib/mysql
    /opt/lampp/var/mysql
    /opt/lampp/var/mysql/mysql
    /opt/lampp/include/server/mysql

三、安装Mysql

在/home 下创建mysql目录

cd /home
mkdir mysql

1. 下载 MySQL yum包

wget http://repo.mysql.com/mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm
# 或者
wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm

2.安装MySQL源

rpm -Uvh mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm
# 或者
rpm -ivh mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm

查看将要安装的mysql相关文件

yum repolist all | grep mysql

# screen out
mysql-cluster-7.5-community/x86_64   MySQL Cluster 7.5 Community    禁用
mysql-cluster-7.5-community-source   MySQL Cluster 7.5 Community -  禁用
mysql-cluster-7.6-community/x86_64   MySQL Cluster 7.6 Community    禁用
mysql-cluster-7.6-community-source   MySQL Cluster 7.6 Community -  禁用
mysql-cluster-8.0-community/x86_64   MySQL Cluster 8.0 Community    禁用
mysql-cluster-8.0-community-source   MySQL Cluster 8.0 Community -  禁用
mysql-connectors-community/x86_64    MySQL Connectors Community     启用:    199
mysql-connectors-community-source    MySQL Connectors Community - S 禁用
mysql-tools-community/x86_64         MySQL Tools Community          启用:     92
mysql-tools-community-source         MySQL Tools Community - Source 禁用
mysql-tools-preview/x86_64           MySQL Tools Preview            禁用
mysql-tools-preview-source           MySQL Tools Preview - Source   禁用
mysql55-community/x86_64             MySQL 5.5 Community Server     禁用
mysql55-community-source             MySQL 5.5 Community Server - S 禁用
mysql56-community/x86_64             MySQL 5.6 Community Server     禁用
mysql56-community-source             MySQL 5.6 Community Server - S 禁用
mysql57-community/x86_64             MySQL 5.7 Community Server     禁用
mysql57-community-source             MySQL 5.7 Community Server - S 禁用
mysql80-community/x86_64             MySQL 8.0 Community Server     启用:    346
mysql80-community-source             MySQL 8.0 Community Server - S 禁用

默认情况下mysql80-community是启用的，mysql57-community是禁用的，用以下命令改变将要安装的版本

yum-config-manager --disable mysql80-community
yum-config-manager --enable mysql57-community

3.安装MySQL服务端

# 不带GPG 检查的安装方法； centos7 
yum install -y mysql-community-server --nogpgcheck

或：centos8 下的安装
yum install -y mysql-community-server

# 查看mysql 版本
mysql --version
# mysql  Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.7.39, for Linux (x86_64) using  EditLine wrapper

附: mysql 常用文件路径

# 这是mysql的主配置文件
/etc/my.cnf
# 数据库的数据文件存放位置
/var/lib/mysql
# 数据库日志输出存放位置
/var/logs/mysqld.log

4.启动 或 停止 或 重启MySQL

systemctl start mysqld
systemctl stop mysqld
systemctl restart mysqld

5.检查是否启动成功

systemctl status mysqld

6.获取临时密码，MySQL5.7为root用户随机生成了一个密码

grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log

7.通过临时密码登录MySQL，进行修改密码操作

mysql -uroot -p

使用临时密码登录后，不能进行其他的操作，否则会报错，这时候我们进行修改密码操作

8.因为MySQL的密码规则需要很复杂，我们一般自己设置的不会设置成这样，所以我们全局修改一下

mysql> set global validate_password_policy=0;
mysql> set global validate_password_length=1;

这时候我们就可以自己设置想要的密码了

ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'yourpassword';

9.授权其他机器远程登录

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'yourpassword' WITH GRANT OPTION;

FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

10.开启开机自启动

systemctl enable mysqld
systemctl daemon-reload

11.设置MySQL的字符集为UTF-8，令其支持中文

vim /etc/my.cnf

改成如下,然后保存

[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8

[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
default-storage-engine=INNODB
character_set_server=utf8

symbolic-links=0

log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

12.重启一下MySQL,令配置生效

systemctl restart mysqld

13.防火墙开放3306端口

请先确认 Centos 防火墙是否启动了

firewall-cmd --state
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --reload

14.卸载MySQL仓库

一开始的时候我们安装的yum，每次yum操作都会更新一次，耗费时间，我们把他卸载掉

rpm -qa | grep mysql

yum -y remove mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch

四、优化mysql基本配置

且听下回分解.....................

参考引用: centos7 安装 Mysql 5.7.28，详细完整教程 centOS8安装MySql5.7


作者: CLP ; 日期: 2022-9-14 ; 地点: 武汉; 天气: 晴

QQ: 53258372; Mail : 53258372@QQ.com

微信: image-20220903114619121